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Introduction to Teora Taal
Teora Taal (also known as Tivra Taal) is a unique and important taal in Hindustani classical and semi-classical music. It is a rhythmic cycle of 7 matras (beats), which places it in the vishamapadi (asymmetrical) category of taals. Its distinct 7-beat pattern gives it a compelling and forward-driving feel, making it a popular choice for compositions that require a sense of urgency or devotion.
Watch a Live Demonstration of Teora Taal
The Structure and Characteristics of Teora Taal
The 7 matras of Teora Taal are divided into three vibhags (sections) with a structure of 3+2+2. It has three taalis (claps) and no khaali (wave).
| Beats (Matra) | 7 |
|---|---|
| Divisions (Vibhag) | 3 (with a pattern of 3|2|2) |
| Clap (Taali) | 3 (On 1st, 4th, 6th beats) |
| Wave (Khali) | None |
| First Beat (Sam) | On 1st beat, marked with 'x' |
| Common Tempo (Laya) | Medium (Madhya) |
Theka of Teora Taal
The Theka (basic rhythmic pattern) for Teora Taal is as follows, presented in a single, continuous table:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dhin | Dhin | Na | Dhin | Na | Dhin | Na |
| X (Sam) | 2nd Clap | 3rd Clap | ||||
Understanding the Taal Signs
The standard notation symbols help musicians understand a taal's structure:
- Sam (x): The first and most emphasized beat of the cycle.
- Taali (2, 3, etc.): A clap marking a stressed division.
- Khali (0): A wave of the hand, marking an unstressed or "empty" division.
- Vibhag (|): A vertical bar that separates divisions within the taal.
- Matra: A single beat, the smallest unit of time in a taal.
Applications of Teora Taal
Teora Taal is used in various genres of Indian music:
- Semi-Classical Music: Singers use it in Thumri and Kajri songs.
- Folk Music: Many folk songs and dances use a 7-beat rhythm.
- Devotional Music: It is played slowly in Bhajans and Kirtans.
Conclusion
Teora Taal, with its engaging 7-beat cycle, is one of the richest rhythms in Indian classical music. Learning about Teora Taal enhances our appreciation and enjoyment of music.