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Introduction to Dhamar Taal
Dhamar Taal is one of the most prominent and dignified taals in Hindustani classical music, particularly associated with the Dhrupad and Dhamar genres of singing. It is a powerful and assertive rhythmic cycle of 14 matras (beats). The structure of Dhamar Taal is unique and is played with an open and resonant sound (khule bolon ka taal), making it especially suitable for the pakhawaj, though it is also commonly played on the tabla.
Watch a Live Demonstration of Dhamar Taal
The Structure and Characteristics of Dhamar Taal
The 14 matras of Dhamar Taal are divided into four vibhags (sections), with a unique asymmetrical structure of 5|2|3|4. The taali (clap) is on the 1st, 6th, and 11th matras, while the khaali (wave) is on the 8th matra.
| Beats (Matra) | 14 |
|---|---|
| Divisions (Vibhag) | 4 (with a pattern of 5|2|3|4) |
| Clap (Taali) | 3 (On the 1st, 6th, and 11th beats) |
| Wave (Khali) | 1 (On the 8th beat) |
| First Beat (Sam) | On the 1st beat (marked with 'x') |
Theka Notation for Dhamar Taal
The Theka (basic rhythmic pattern) for Dhamar Taal is broken down by its divisions below. The 'S' represents a pause:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ka | Dhi | Te | Dhi | Te |
| X (Sam) | ||||
| 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Dha | S | Ga | Ti | Te |
| 2nd Clap | 0 (Wave) | |||
| 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | |
| Ti | Te | Ta | S | |
| 3rd Clap | ||||
Understanding the Taal Signs
The standard notation symbols, based on the Bhatkhande system, help musicians understand a taal's structure:
- Sam (x): The first and most emphasized beat of the cycle.
- Taali (2, 3, etc.): A clap marking a stressed division.
- Khali (0): A wave of the hand, marking an unstressed or "empty" division.
Applications of Dhamar Taal
Musicians use Dhamar Taal in various contexts:
- Vocal Music: It is prominently used for singing in the Dhamar genre, a form of Dhrupad, and also finds a place in some Khayal compositions.
- Instrumental Music: Instrumentalists on sitar, sarod, and other instruments use it to showcase complex layakari (rhythmic variations).
- Dance Forms: The majestic and steady pace of this taal makes it suitable for classical dance forms like Kathak to depict serious or heroic themes.
Conclusion
Dhamar Taal, with its unique 14-beat structure, holds a place of great respect in Indian classical music. Its assertive and profound nature makes it a favorite among musicians for presenting serious and elaborate compositions. Practicing Dhamar Taal helps musicians develop a strong command over complex rhythmic patterns.
